Benign dermatoses in newborns must be distinguished from more serious disorders with cutaneous manifestations. Erythema toxicum neonatorum, transient neonatal pustular melanosis, sucking blister, miliaria and mongolian spots are among the many benign skin conditions that can occur in newborns. Recognition of these dermatoses allows the physician to proceed appropriately, reassure the parents and initiate further evaluation or treatment as necessary. To avoid adverse sequelae, special attention must be given to more persistent conditions and those with the potential for complications or malignant transformation. Consultation with a pediatric dermatologist, a plastic surgeon or a neurosurgeon may be necessary.