Abstract
We studied the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the brain levels of several neurotransmitters in mice. Administration of GM-CSF (5.0 and 10 microg, i.p.) significantly reduced the hypothalamic levels of glutamine, glutamic acid, GABA and aspartic acid. GM-CSF (5.0 microg, i.p.) also induced a significant reduction of norepinephrine and serotonin levels in the hypothalamus, without affecting dopamine levels. The hippocampal levels of neurotransmitters were not modified by GM-CSF administration. The peripheral administration of a specific interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra, 50 microg, i.p.) blocked the effects of GM-CSF. These results confirm our previous behavioural data suggesting that GM-CSF is able to exert neuromodulatory actions.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Aspartic Acid / metabolism
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Dopamine / metabolism
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Glutamic Acid / metabolism
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Glutamine / metabolism
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / pharmacology*
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Humans
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Hypothalamus / drug effects
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Hypothalamus / metabolism*
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Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
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Interleukin-1 / physiology
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Male
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Mice
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Neurotransmitter Agents / metabolism*
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Norepinephrine / metabolism
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Receptors, Interleukin-1 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Recombinant Proteins / pharmacology
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Serotonin / metabolism
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Sialoglycoproteins / pharmacology*
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gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / metabolism
Substances
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IL1RN protein, human
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Il1rn protein, mouse
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Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
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Interleukin-1
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Neurotransmitter Agents
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Receptors, Interleukin-1
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Recombinant Proteins
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Sialoglycoproteins
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Glutamine
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Aspartic Acid
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Serotonin
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Glutamic Acid
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gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
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Dopamine
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Norepinephrine