The wound healing response is the single most important determinant of the final intraocular pressure after glaucoma surgery. The use of antiscarring agents, particularly the antimetabolites 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C, have revolutionized glaucoma surgery over the past decade. This subject has become more important with the realization that simply lowering the intraocular pressure to below 21 mm Hg is inadequate, and that optimal lowering of the intraocular pressure should be achieved in all patients undergoing surgery for glaucoma. However, the antimetabolites still have many potential problems and side effects, some of which are potentially sightthreatening. This review concentrates on the recent publications in this field that have determined the current "state of the art," with a view toward optimizing results and minimizing side effects for our patients with glaucoma in this exciting and challenging area of progress.