The apical angle: a mathematical analysis of the ellipse

Dermatol Surg. 2001 Jan;27(1):61-3.

Abstract

Background: The elliptical excision is a common surgical procedure. The dermatologic literature predominantly describes an excisional geometry with a 3:1 length:width ratio and an apical angle of 30 degrees.

Objective: To analyze the elliptical excision by applying mathematical principles and define the apical angle and its relationship to the length:width ratio.

Methods: We examined numerous examples of elliptical excisions as presented in the dermatologic literature. We analyzed the geometry of the excisions and defined it mathematically.

Results: The apical angle of a 3:1 elliptical excision is not 30 degrees. The true apical angle varies from 37 degrees to 74 degrees depending on excisional geometry.

Conclusion: The commonly presented apical angle of 30 degrees is incorrect and does not reflect the true apical angle of elliptical excisions.

MeSH terms

  • Dermatologic Surgical Procedures*
  • Dermatology / methods
  • Humans
  • Mathematics