Cortical blindness (or more generally, cerebral blindness) consists of bilateral visual loss with normal ocular examination and normal pupillary function, related to bilateral occipital lesions. Its most frequent cause in adults is hypoperfusion in the vertebral-basilar arteries, although other curable causes are described. Other syndromes, related to lesions of associative cortical areas or occipital-fugal connections may cause poorly defined visual complaints. Their recognition by the ophthalmologist is mandatory, as they may concern a potentially curable underlying disease.