Background: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is an uncommon tumor. On fine needle aspiration (FNA) it has to be distinguished from other benign and malignant soft tissue lesions.
Case: FNA was done on an 85-year-old man with painful swelling of the forearm. Smears showed fragments comprised of polygonal cells with eccentric nuclei and peripheral fine cytoplasmic vacuoles embedded in a dense, metachromatic matrix. Cell block showed similar cells in a chondromyxoid stroma. The cells were positive for S100 and negative for cytokeratin.
Conclusion: FNA is a useful tool in the diagnosis of EMC in conjunction with radiology. A preoperative diagnosis can be made due to its distinct cytologic and immunohistochemical features, obviating the need for a biopsy.