Ocular pain due to ophthalmological diseases is most commonly associated with redness and inflammation of the ocular surface and surrounding tissues. Pain in a quiet eye can be referred as headache and can be the first sign of a number of ocular or orbital conditions. Painful symptoms may be considered non-specific if signs of targeted diseases are not identified. Collection of appropriate history of pain around the eye and associated symptoms or signs should be considered to recognize when ophthalmological examination is needed. Some painful diseases such as intermittent angle closure glaucoma, uveitis or optic neuritis, can lead to severe and permanent visual loss and require a prompt diagnosis and treatment.