Cataract extraction and intra-ocular lens (IOL) implantation is one of the most prevalent surgical interventions worldwide. In Israel more than 50,000 procedures were performed in 2013. The progress in cataract surgery is dual, including the surgical technique of the crystalline lens removal along with developments in IOL structure and optic characteristics. This review focuses on new techniques in cataract surgery and modern types of IOLs for implantation.