A Comparison of Developmental Outcomes of Adolescent Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Survivors Born with a Congenital Heart Defect or Born Preterm

Kaitlyn Easson; Noémi Dahan-Oliel; Charles Rohlicek; Sossy Sahakian; Marie Brossard-Racine; Barbara Mazer; Patricia Riley; Désirée B Maltais; Line Nadeau; Sean Hatzigeorgiou; Norbert Schmitz; Annette Majnemer

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.11.002

A Comparison of Developmental Outcomes of Adolescent Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Survivors Born with a Congenital Heart Defect or Born Preterm

J Pediatr. 2019 Apr:207:34-41.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
² School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
³ Department of Cardiology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
⁴ Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
⁵ Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
⁶ School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
⁷ Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
⁸ Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.
⁹ Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
¹¹ Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada; School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: annette.majnemer@mcgill.ca.

PMID: 30528759
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.11.002

Abstract

Objective: To compare cognitive, motor, behavioral, and functional outcomes of adolescents born with a congenital heart defect (CHD) and adolescents born preterm.

Study design: Adolescents (11-19 years old) born with a CHD requiring open-heart surgery during infancy (n = 80) or born preterm ≤29 weeks of gestational age (n = 128) between 1991 and 1999 underwent a cross-sectional evaluation of cognitive (Leiter International Performance Scale-Revised), motor (Movement Assessment Battery for Children-II), behavioral (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and functional (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale-II) outcomes. Independent samples t tests and Pearson χ² or Fisher exact tests were used to compare mean scores and proportions of impairment, respectively, between groups.

Results: Adolescents born with a CHD and adolescents born preterm had similar cognitive, motor, behavioral, and functional outcomes. Cognitive deficits were detected in 14.3% of adolescents born with a CHD and 11.8% of adolescents born preterm. Motor difficulties were detected in 43.5% of adolescents born with a CHD and 50% of adolescents born preterm. Behavioral problems were found in 23.7% of adolescents in the CHD group and 22.9% in the preterm group. Functional limitations were detected in 12% of adolescents born with a CHD and 7.3% of adolescents born preterm.

Conclusions: Adolescents born with a CHD or born preterm have similar profiles of developmental deficits. These findings highlight the importance of providing long-term surveillance to both populations and guide the provision of appropriate educational and rehabilitation services to better ameliorate long-term developmental difficulties.

Keywords: behavior; cognition; congenital heart defects; functional limitations; motor skills; premature.

Publication types

Comparative Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Child
Child Behavior Disorders / epidemiology*
Child Behavior Disorders / etiology
Cognitive Dysfunction
Comorbidity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Developmental Disabilities / epidemiology*
Developmental Disabilities / etiology
Female
Gestational Age
Heart Defects, Congenital / epidemiology*
Humans
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / statistics & numerical data
Male
Premature Birth / epidemiology*
Psychomotor Disorders / epidemiology*
Psychomotor Disorders / etiology
Young Adult

Grants and funding

MOP-102720/CIHR/Canada