Incidence of Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2019 Dec;28(12):104451. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104451. Epub 2019 Oct 24.

Abstract

Objectives: Nontraumatic convexal subarachnoid hemorrhages in the elderly can be a manifestation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy associated with a high risk of future intracerebral hemorrhage. The incidence in the elderly population is unknown. Our objectives were to: 1) determine the incidence of convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a population-based study, and, 2) to compare apopolipoprotein-E genotype and amyloid positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging for those with versus without hemorrhage.

Methods: Between 11/29/2004 and 3/11/2017, 4462 individuals without hemorrhage at baseline participated in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. We used the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records-linkage system to identify intracerebral hemorrhages. Records and images were reviewed to identify convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neuroimaging characteristics, demographics, medications, and apopolipoprotein-E genotype were recorded.

Results: Four cases were identified. The incidence of convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage was 14.1 per 100,000 person years. Three occurred in women, median age, 79 (range: 71-84). One patient had coexisting cerebral microbleeds. Two participants developed a subsequent lobar intracerebral hemorrhage at a median of 4.75 years after convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The apopolipoprotein-E -allele combinations of the 4 were: 3/3, 3/3, 2/2, and 2/3. On Pittsburgh Compound B-PET imaging, median standardized uptake value ratio with convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage was 1.86 (range: 1.38-2.34).

Conclusions: Convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage is rare in the older population, occurring with an incidence of about 14 per 100,000 person years. Yet, when present, it may be associated with a high risk of future intracerebral hemorrhage.

Keywords: Convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage; amyloid PiB PET; apopolipoprotein-E (APOE) e2; cerebral amyloid angiopathy; convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aging*
  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics
  • Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / diagnostic imaging
  • Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / epidemiology*
  • Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Frequency
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Minnesota / epidemiology
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / diagnostic imaging
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / epidemiology*
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / genetics

Substances

  • ApoE protein, human
  • Apolipoproteins E