Quantitative and qualitative characterization of retinal dystrophies in canine models of inherited retinal diseases using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)

Exp Eye Res. 2022 Jul:220:109106. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109106. Epub 2022 May 16.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to establish spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) assessment data in well-established canine models of inherited retinal dystrophies: PDE6B-rod-cone dysplasia 1 (RCD1: early onset retinitis pigmentosa), PRCD-progressive rod-cone degeneration (PRCD: late onset retinitis pigmentosa), CNGB3-achromatopsia, and RPE65-Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). High resolution SD-OCT images of the retina were acquired from both eyes in 5 planes: temporal; superotemporal; superior; nasal; and inferior in adult dogs with: RCD1 (n = 4 dogs, median age: 1.5 yrs); PRCD (n = 2, 4.3 yrs); LCA (n = 3, 5.2 yrs); achromatopsia (n = 3, 4.2 yrs); and wild types (wt, n = 6, 5.5 yrs). Total, inner and outer retinal thicknesses and ellipsoid zone were analyzed. In selected animals, histomorphometric evaluations were performed. In dogs with RCD1, PRCD, and LCA, the thickness of the outer retina was, compared to wt, significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.02) in all OCT imaging planes, and in superotemporal and inferior imaging planes in dogs with achromatopsia. No significant thinning was observed in inner retina thickness in any disease model except in the inferior imaging plane in dogs with RCD1. Dogs with RCD1, PRCD, and LCA had significantly more areas with disrupted ellipsoid zone in the presumed area centralis than wt (p ≤ 0.001). OCT findings provide baseline information for research of retinal dystrophies using these canine models.

Keywords: Achromatopsia; CNGB3; Dog; LCA; PDE6B; PRCD; RCD1; RPE65.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Color Vision Defects* / diagnostic imaging
  • Color Vision Defects* / genetics
  • Dogs
  • Retina / diagnostic imaging
  • Retinal Dystrophies* / diagnostic imaging
  • Retinal Dystrophies* / genetics
  • Retinitis Pigmentosa* / diagnostic imaging
  • Retinitis Pigmentosa* / genetics
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence

Supplementary concepts

  • Achromatopsia 3