Therapeutic advances in overcoming intrauterine growth restriction induced metabolic syndrome

Alpha Kalonda Mutamba; Xiaori He; Tao Wang

doi:10.3389/fped.2022.1040742

Therapeutic advances in overcoming intrauterine growth restriction induced metabolic syndrome

Front Pediatr. 2023 Jan 11:10:1040742. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.1040742. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Alpha Kalonda Mutamba¹, Xiaori He¹, Tao Wang²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
² Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Abstract

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a great public health challenge as it affects neonatal survival and influences their normal biological development and metabolism. Several clinical researches have revealed the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, as direct results of IUGR. Therefore, it is essential to understand its underlying mechanism, impact and develop effective therapies. The purpose of this work is to review the current knowledge on IUGR induced metabolic syndrome and relevant therapies. Here in, we elaborate on the characteristics and causes of IUGR by pointing out recent research findings. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of IUGR on different organs of the body, followed by preclinical studies on IUGR using suitable animal models. Additionally, various metabolic disorders with their genetic implications, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity are detailed. Finally, the current therapeutic options used in the treatment of IUGR are summarized with some prospective therapies highlighted.

Keywords: insulin resistance; intrauterine growth restriction; lipid metabolism; small gestational age (SGA); type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This work was supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of the People's Republic of China (grant no. 2020JJ4785, 2022JJ30848), Ausnutria Food and Nutrition Science Research Fund (AU-YJY-B-LX-20-022), and The Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of the People's Republic of China (grant no. kq2007077).