The proportion and area of ratoon rice planting in China have been substantially increased, due to continuous improvement of rice breeding methods and consecutive innovation of cultivation technology, which has developed into one of rice planting modes with significant production efficiency. Combining the experience in research and practice, from the perspective of crop physiology and ecology, we reviewed the current situation and prospects of high-yielding formation and physiological mechanisms of ratoon rice. We focused on four key aspects: screening and breeding of ratoon rice cultivars and the classification; suitable stubble height for mechanically harvested ratoon rice, as well as water and fertilizer management; dry matter production and allocation in ratoon rice and the relationship with yield formation; regenerative activity and vigor of ratoon rice roots and their relationship with rhizosphere micro-ecological characteristics. As for the extending of mechanized low-cut stubbles ratoon rice technique, we should properly regulate the rhizosphere system, coordinate rhizosphere nutrient supply, germination of axillary buds, and tillering regeneration, to achieve the target of "four-high-one-low", that is high regeneration coefficient, high number of regeneration panicle, high harvest index, high yield, high quality, low-carbon and safe, aiming to improve the sustainability of ratoon rice industry.
随着水稻育种方法的不断改善和栽培技术的持续创新,再生稻的种植面积及比重在中国水稻生产系统中逐渐增大,已发展成为生产成效显著的水稻种植模式之一。本文结合作者多年来的研究与实践,从作物生理生态学的视角,紧紧围绕再生稻适宜品种筛选及类型划分、机收再生稻的适宜留桩高度与水肥调控、再生稻干物质生产与分配特性及其与产量形成的关系、再生稻根系和再生活力及其与根际微生态特性的关系4个方面,综述了再生稻高产形成及其生理生态机制的研究现状与展望。在推广低留桩再生稻栽培技术时,应重视根际系统的合理调控,促进根际营养供给和腋芽适时萌发及分蘖再生协调发展,实现高再生系数、高再生穗数、高收获指数、高产优质、低碳安全可持续的“四高一低”目标,促进再生稻产业可持续发展。.
Keywords: axillary bud sprout; carbon sequestration and mitigation; left stubble height; mechanization; ratoon rice; regeneration ability.