Abstract
A potent role for memory CD8+ T cells in heterologous immunity was shown with a respiratory mucosal model of viral infection. Memory CD8+ T cells generated after lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection were functionally activated in vivo to produce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) during acute infection with vaccinia virus (VV). Some of these antigen-specific memory cells selectively expanded in number, which resulted in modulation of the original LCMV-specific T cell repertoire. In addition, there was an organ-selective compartmental redistribution of these LCMV-specific T cells during VV infection. The presence of these LCMV-specific memory T cells correlated with enhanced VV clearance, decreased mortality and marked changes in lung immunopathology. Thus, the participation of pre-existing memory T cells specific to unrelated agents can alter the dynamics of mucosal immunity and disease course in response to a pathogen.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Administration, Intranasal
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Animals
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Antigens, Viral / immunology
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / classification
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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Cells, Cultured / immunology
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Cells, Cultured / metabolism
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Cytokines / biosynthesis
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Humans
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Immunization
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Immunologic Memory*
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Interferon-gamma / biosynthesis
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Lung / immunology
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Lung / pathology*
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Lymphocyte Activation
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Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / immunology*
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Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / pathology
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Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / virology
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Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus / immunology*
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Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus / isolation & purification
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Nasal Mucosa / immunology*
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Organ Specificity
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Respiratory Tract Infections / immunology*
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Respiratory Tract Infections / pathology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / virology
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology*
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T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology
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Vaccinia / immunology*
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Vaccinia / pathology
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Vaccinia / virology
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Vaccinia virus / immunology*
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Vaccinia virus / isolation & purification
Substances
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Antigens, Viral
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Cytokines
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Interferon-gamma