Objective: To analyze the results of clinical and bacteriological examinations of crush syndrome patients admitted to our institute after the Marmara earthquake.
Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from patients' files. Forty patients are included. Their mean age was 31.5 +/- 13.5 years and 18 were male. Their mean time under the rubble was 13.1 +/- 14.4 h. Fasciotomies were performed on 41 extremities of 30 patients. One hundred and twelve (mean 2.9 +/- 1.9 samples/patient) bacteriological samples were collected from wounds (51), blood (23), urine (25) and catheters (13).
Results: Microbial growth was detected in 67 samples from 38 (95%) patients. Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive cocci, Enterobacteriaciace and yeast-like fungi were isolated in 67%, 17%, 12% and 4% of the samples, respectively. Acinetobacter (36%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21%), the major bacterial isolates from wound infections, were resistant to carbapenems and sensitive to quinolones. As the hospitalization period increased, other infections supervened. Gram-positive cocci and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli were detected in six blood and seven catheter samples and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the major isolate. Nine (22%) of the patients died due to sepsis despite all supportive therapies.
Conclusions: Infections are still major factors in crush syndrome-related deaths.