Background: The management of rectal carcinoma has changed significantly over the last decade. We studied the changing trends in the management of rectal carcinoma over a 7-year period in a district general hospital.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients with histologically proven rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent operative treatment between January 1991 and December 1997 was performed. The type of operative procedure, local recurrence rate and completeness of pathology reporting was documented.
Results: There were 200 operative procedures: 102 anterior resections (AR), and 98 abdominoperineal resections (APR). This included 17 palliative resections because of metastatic disease (n = 8) or extensive local invasion (n = 7) or both (n = 2). The APR rate steadily declined from 72% in 1991 to 19% in 1997 (p < 0.005). Subspecialist 'colorectal' surgeons performed only 24% of the operations in 1991 but the figure for 1997 was 85% (p < 0.01). No circumferential resection margin was reported in 1991 but was reported in 85% of the cases in 1997 (p < 0.001). There was a steady increase in stapled anastomoses from 43% in 1991 to 93% in 1997 (p < 0.03). There were 15 local recurrences following 'curative' resection; 7 following APR and 8 following AR (n.s.).
Conclusion: There was a significant increase in the rate of restorative resection of rectal cancer with a concomitant reduction in permanent stoma formation; this may be attributed to an increase in subspecialisation. Despite this, a low rate of local recurrence was maintained throughout the study period.
Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel