In recent years, a revolutionary system has been developed, composed of a swallowable video capsule, able to visualize the entire small bowel. The device has been experimented on animals and man, based on miniaturization technology applied to its electronic components. The reported studies have indicated the superiority of video capsule endoscopy as compared to radiology. However, the great potentialities of this diagnostic system are still to be fully explored. In the near future, large, controlled clinical trials will solve some of the present problems.