The morphology of canine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) before puberty is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of our study was to elucidate the morphological characteristics of pre-pubertal oocytes and cumulus cells by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The pre-pubertal oocyte was characterized by accumulation of lipid yolk droplets in the cytoplasm as well as high energy metabolism, low protein synthesis and high transcriptional activity of the cumulus cells. The cumulus cells, which revealed a prominent nucleus and few cytoplasm, communicated with each other by few short processes and exhibited merely a small amount of processes reaching the oocyte. Our studies imply that both the oocyte and the cumulus cells of canine COCs before puberty reveal characteristic morphological features which are correlated with changes in oocyte metabolism and cumulus cell communication.