Interplay of RUNX1/MTG8 and DNA methyltransferase 1 in acute myeloid leukemia

Cancer Res. 2005 Feb 15;65(4):1277-84. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-4532.

Abstract

The translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results in the expression of the fusion protein RUNX1/MTG8, which in turn recruits histone deacetylases (HDAC) to silence RUNX1 target genes [e.g., interleukin-3 (IL-3)]. We previously reported that expression of the RUNX1/MTG8 target gene IL-3 is synergistically restored by the combination of inhibitors of HDACs (i.e., depsipeptide) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT; i.e., decitabine) in RUNX1/MTG8-positive Kasumi-1 cells. Thus, we hypothesized that DNMT1 is also part of the transcriptional repressor complex recruited by RUNX1/MTG8. By a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we identified a RUNX1/MTG8-DNMT1 complex on the IL-3 promoter in Kasumi-1 cells and in primary RUNX1/MTG8-positive AML blasts. The physical association of RUNX1/MTG8 with DNMT1 was shown by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Furthermore, RUNX1/MTG8 and DNMT1 were concurrently released from the IL-3 promoter by exposure to depsipeptide or stabilized on the promoter by decitabine treatment. Finally, we proved that RUNX1/MTG8 and DNMT1 were functionally interrelated by showing an enhanced repression of IL-3 after coexpression in 293T cells. These results suggest a novel mechanism for gene silencing mediated by RUNX1/MTG8 and support the combination of HDAC and DNMT inhibitors as a novel therapeutic approach for t(8;21) AML.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / metabolism*
  • DNA Methylation
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology
  • Gene Silencing
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-3 / genetics
  • Leukemia, Myeloid / enzymology
  • Leukemia, Myeloid / genetics
  • Leukemia, Myeloid / metabolism*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology*
  • RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein
  • Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / physiology*
  • Transcription, Genetic / physiology
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Interleukin-3
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein
  • RUNX1 protein, human
  • RUNX1T1 protein, human
  • Transcription Factors
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
  • DNMT1 protein, human