Reduced rate of diagnostic positive detection of JC virus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid in cases of suspected progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy

J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Aug;43(8):4175-7. doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.8.4175-4177.2005.

Abstract

Fifty-nine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with suspected progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and 224 controls were tested for JC virus (JCV) DNA in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. The diagnostic positive detection rate dropped from 89.5% (95% confidence intervals of 75.5 to 103.5%) in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era to 57.5% (95% confidence intervals of 42.1 to 72.9%) in the HAART era; the specificity remained unchanged. Predictors of failure to detect JCV DNA were exposure to HAART at disease onset and higher CD4 counts.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • DNA, Viral / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • Humans
  • JC Virus / isolation & purification*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / diagnosis
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / virology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • DNA, Viral