Anti-GAD antibodies and periodic alternating nystagmus

Arch Neurol. 2005 Aug;62(8):1300-3. doi: 10.1001/archneur.62.8.1300.

Abstract

Background: Autoantibodies directed against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-Ab) have recently been described in a few patients with progressive cerebellar ataxia, suggesting an autoimmune physiopathologic mechanism.

Objective: To determine the exact role of GAD-Ab and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurotransmission in the pathogenesis of cerebellar ataxia.

Design: Case report.

Setting: University neurological hospital.

Patient: We report the case of a patient with subacute cerebellar ataxia associated with GAD-Ab showing periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN).

Intervention: Baclofen, a GABAergic medication, was given to the patient.

Main outcome measures: Eye movement recording of spontaneous nystagmus and postrotatory vestibular responses.

Results: Baclofen was effective in suppressing PAN and improving postrotatory vestibular responses but not for improving cerebellar ataxia.

Conclusion: The presence of PAN and the response to baclofen provide a unique opportunity to suggest a direct role of GAD-Ab in cerebellar dysfunction in this patient.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Autoantibodies / immunology*
  • Baclofen / therapeutic use
  • Cerebellar Ataxia / drug therapy
  • Cerebellar Ataxia / immunology*
  • Cerebellar Ataxia / physiopathology
  • Cerebellum / immunology
  • Cerebellum / metabolism
  • Cerebellum / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • GABA Agonists / therapeutic use
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase / immunology*
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Models, Neurological
  • Neural Inhibition / immunology
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / drug therapy
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / immunology*
  • Nystagmus, Pathologic / physiopathology
  • Periodicity*
  • Synaptic Transmission / immunology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / biosynthesis*

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • GABA Agonists
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase
  • Baclofen