Case report: A 23 year-old girl was admitted for a facial tumefaction, fixed to the mandible. The X-rays showed a fuzzy osteolytic lesion of the mandibular angle. The CT-scan confirmed the rupture of the cortical bone and the extension to the soft tissue. Biopsy provided the diagnosis of granulocytic monoblastic sarcoma (chloroma). Chemotherapy was efficient.
Discussion: Mandibular localizations of chloroma are rare. Granulocytic monoblastic sarcoma is a localized tumor made of extramedullar immature granulocytes, in general associated (or more rarely preceded by) with leukemia. Early diagnosis is important because high dose chemotherapy induction may completely cure leukemia.