Many agents have been tried in the hope of providing clinical benefit in sepsis and inflammatory processes. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is involved in inflammation and sepsis, and anti-RAGE antibodies have been studied in models of diabetic complications, chronic inflammation and sepsis. Several characteristics of RAGE make anti-RAGE antibody an attractive treatment possibility. The pathophysiology of sepsis and inflammation is incompletely understood. The complicated nature of these processes may make new techniques, such as computer simulation and genomics, vital in understanding how to target therapies.