Ethanol and hydrogen sensors based on ZnO nanoparticles and nanowires

J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2007 Jun;7(6):1923-9. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2007.742.

Abstract

Hydrogen sensing characteristics of thick films of nanoparticles of ZnO and 3% Mn or Co doped ZnO with and without impregnation of 1% Pt have been investigated over a wide concentration range. The sensor characteristics of the Pt impregnated ZnO and 3% Mn or Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles are found to be excellent with the sensitivity reaching values in the 1000-1500 range for 1000 ppm of H2 at 125 degrees C or lower. The sensitivity is quite high even for 10 ppm of H2. The response and recovery times are generally less than 10 s in the region of high sensitivity. These films exhibit very good sensing characteristics for ethanol, the sensitivity being well above 2000 at 50 degrees C for 1000 ppm of vapour. Nanowires of Pt-impregnated ZnO also exhibit satisfactory sensing characteristics, but the values of the sensitivity are somewhat lower. Humidity has negligible effect on the performance of these sensors.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biosensing Techniques / instrumentation*
  • Biosensing Techniques / methods
  • Crystallization / methods
  • Electric Wiring / instrumentation
  • Electric Wiring / methods
  • Electrochemistry / instrumentation*
  • Electrochemistry / methods
  • Equipment Design
  • Equipment Failure Analysis
  • Ethanol / analysis*
  • Ethanol / chemistry
  • Hydrogen / analysis*
  • Hydrogen / chemistry
  • Macromolecular Substances / chemistry
  • Materials Testing
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Nanostructures / chemistry*
  • Nanostructures / ultrastructure
  • Nanotechnology / instrumentation*
  • Nanotechnology / methods
  • Particle Size
  • Surface Properties
  • Zinc Oxide / chemistry*

Substances

  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Ethanol
  • Hydrogen
  • Zinc Oxide