Life below the ross ice shelf, antarctica

Science. 1979 Feb 2;203(4379):447-9. doi: 10.1126/science.203.4379.447.

Abstract

Samples and observations under 420 meters of ice and 430 kilometers from the open sea on the Ross Ice Shelf at a water depth of 597 meters revealed an unusual assemblage of benthic organisms. Scavenging amphipods, an isopod, and fish were present but a living infauna was absent. The observations may be accounted for by sampling or spatial bias, or by extremely low or fluctuating trophic resources.