The vascular complication remains one of the main cause of graft failure after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Its incidence has been documented between 5-18%. Due to its lethal evolution, the early diagnosis and emergency treatment are crucial: early retransplantation, arterial reconstruction. Seven out of 57 OLT (12.2%) performed in 53 patients developed arterial complications: 4 arterial thrombosis (7.0%),--3 were retransplanted--; 3 ruptured arterial aneurysms and 1 child who developed hemobilia secondary to an arterio-biliary fistula. The clinical presentation of hepatic artery thrombosis was related with the post-transplant time. Due to the variability in the clinical presentation of this complication, angiographic study should be performed in any episode of unexplained graft dysfunction.