Objective: To evaluate anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a marker of reproductive outcome after IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Design: Longitudinal study.
Setting: University hospital.
Patient(s): Two hundred seventy-six consecutive women undergoing IVF/ICSI.
Intervention(s): Ovarian stimulation, oocyte retrieval, IVF, ICSI, embryo transfer, AMH, and inhibin B determinations in serum and follicular fluid (FF).
Main outcome measure(s): The AMH and inhibin B concentrations in 276 matched FF/serum pairs have been determined. Different outcome groups have been compared and set in relation to the oocyte count, morphological parameters, and steroid hormone levels.
Result(s): The concentrations of AMH and inhibin B in both serum and FF were significantly higher in the group of women who became pregnant in the corresponding treatment cycle than in those who did not conceive. Positive correlations were observed between serum inhibin B concentrations and embryo morphology (r = 0.126, 95% confidence interval 0.026-0.284). Serum and FF AMH or inhibin B correlated positively with the oocyte count and negatively with the pretreatment cycle day 3 FSH level and the total administered gonadotropin dose.
Conclusion(s): The AMH and inhibin B levels on the day of oocyte retrieval are correlated to reproductive outcome.