Background: Liver resection is the only curative treatment offering a chance of long-term survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRM). Recent data indicated that liver resection in patients with tumor progression while receiving chemotherapy was associated with poor outcome. The aim of the study was to identify risk factors for poor outcome in patients with pre-operative chemotherapy of CRM.
Methods: We analyzed 160 patients after liver resection for CRM with preoperative systemic. chemotherapy. Three groups of patients were identified: 44 patients (27.5%) had a tumor response, 20 (12.5%) showed stable disease, and 96 (60%) patients had tumor progression while on chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 2.4 years (range, 6 days-11.1 years). All available clinicopathologic variables possibly associated with outcome were evaluated.
Results: Survival was 88%, 53%, and 37% at 1, 3, and 5 years. Noncurative resection, carcinoembryonic antigen levels >200 ng/ml, tumor grading, size of the largest tumor >5 cm, and number of metastases were associated with poor patient outcome. In the multivariate analysis, tumor free margin and tumor grading correlated with the outcome. Tumor progression while on chemotherapy had no influence on the long-term survival.
Conclusion: Liver resection offers a long-term survival benefit for patients with CRM, even when tumor growth proceeds during pre-operative chemotherapy.