A disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 33 (ADAM33) has been identified as an asthma susceptibility gene, which is associated with small-airway remodeling. However, the role of ADAM33 in the development of allergic airway inflammation is unclear. The present study used an established murine model of allergen-induced chronic airway inflammation, which was sensitized and then challenged by nebulized 2.5% ovalbumin (OVA) for 8 weeks (30 min/day, three times a week). The expression of ADAM33 mRNA detected by real time RT-PCR was significantly enhanced in the lung tissue of mice with OVA challenge, as compared with the group challenged with saline. This OVA-challenged model showed significant Th2-biased airway inflammation as well as airway remodeling with features of sub-epithelial fibrosis and mucus hyper-secretion. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed that IL-4 and IL-13 could significantly up-regulate the expression of ADAM33 mRNA in human fibroblasts in a concentration- and time-dependent manner as compared to normal controls. These results support the note that Th2 cytokines can up-regulate the expression of ADAM33 mRNA and ADAM33 may play an important role in the development of airway remodeling in allergen-induced chronic airway inflammation.