Purpose: The objective of our study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of IIT in reducing mortality and morbidity in critically ill trauma patients admitted to ICU.
Method and material: Nested cohort study within a Randomized Controlled Trial. All trauma patients with GCS < or = 9 included in the original trial were included in this study. Primary outcome was ICU mortality.
Result: There was no difference in ICU mortality between IIT and CIT groups (6.5% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.67). After adjustment for baseline characteristics, IIT therapy was also not associated with mortality (Adjusted Hazard Ratio 1.33, 95% CI 0.35-5.05). IIT therapy was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of hypoglycemia as compared to CIT, at least one hypoglycemia episode occurred in 18.5% of patients in IIT and 1.3% in the CIT group (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: IIT was not associated with survival improvement in trauma patients admitted to ICU and was associated with increased incidence of hypoglycemia.