Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis for renal salvage after filter migration and renal vein thrombosis

Abstract

A 64-year-old woman underwent prophylactic inferior vena cava filter placement immediately after spinal surgery for pulmonary embolus prophylaxis. One week after surgery, acute renal failure developed, and she required hemodialysis secondary to filter migration with iliocaval and renal vein thrombosis. Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis was performed, with complete recovery of renal function and no evidence of recurrence on follow-up imaging. This report highlights an important and rare complication of filter placement and the importance of prompt thrombus debulking to preserve end organ function while reducing the risks of hemorrhagic complications. Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis allows prompt clearance of venous outflow channels and is attractive in patients with end-organ compromise and high risk for bleeding.