Femoral neuropathy is an uncommon complication that can occur subsequent to a number of abdominal and/or pelvic procedures. The neuropathy is usually evident immediately after the operation, but there may be some delay in diagnosis of the clinical problem. The neuropathy generally resolves completely after a period of time, but in some instances there may be a residual deficit. Four cases of femoral neuropathy are described which developed after operation for renal transplantation.