Uncomplicated type B aortic dissection is managed with anti-impulse therapy since surgery offers no additional long-term survival advantage. In recent years, thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) has been forwarded as a treatment strategy that may retard aortic growth, lower rupture risk, and improve clinical outcome compared to medical management in patients with uncomplicated type B aortic dissection. Although aortic remodeling often serves as a surrogate measure of treatment success in trials of aortic dissection, there is, in fact, little evidence to suggest that aortic remodeling confers a clinical advantage in this patient cohort. TEVAR likely will not be widely recommended for the patient with uncomplicated type B aortic dissection until a prospective comparative clinical trial demonstrates a clear clinical advantage of TEVAR over medical management. Measures of aortic remodeling are poor surrogate measures of treatment success in this patient population.