Purpose: This study was designed to compare quality of life (QoL) outcomes after uterine artery embolization (UAE) or myomectomy.
Methods: Women with symptomatic fibroids diagnosed by ultrasound who wished to preserve their uterus were randomized to myomectomy (n=81) or UAE (n=82). Endpoints at 1 year were QoL measured by a validated questionnaire, hospital stay, rates of complications, and need for reintervention.
Results: UAE patients had shorter hospitalization (2 vs. 6 days, p<0.001). By 1 year postintervention, significant and equal improvements in QoL scores had occurred in both groups (myomectomy n=59; UAE n=61). There had been two (2.9%) major complications among UAE versus 6 (8%) among myomectomy patients (not significant). By 2 years, among UAE patients (n=57) there were eight (14.0%) reinterventions for inadequate symptom control compared with one (2.7%) among myomectomy patients (n=37). Half of the women who required hysterectomy had concomitant adenomyosis missed by US.
Conclusions: UAE and myomectomy both result in significant and equal improvements in QoL. UAE allows a shorter hospital stay and fewer major complications but with a higher rate of reintervention.