Flow cytometry was used to measure DNA content of tumor cells in paraffin-embedded archival material from 89 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri stages IB and IIA. Patients were all treated with radical hysterectomy and transperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Twenty-four percent received radiotherapy postoperatively because of tumor spread into parametria or positive lymph nodes. Ploidy grade was compared to other prognostic factors. DNA-aneuploidy was seen in 44 (49%), DNA-diploidy in 16 (18%) and 29 (33%) of the tumors were DNA-periploid. Sixty-nine (78%) patients were in FIGO stage IB, 20 (22%) in IIA. In 19 (21%) lymph node metastases were found, vasoinvasion in 25 (28%). Overall disease-specific 5-year survival was 80%. There was a significant effect of positive lymph nodes (90% vs 47%) and vasoinvasion (87% vs 64%) on the 5-year survival (resp. P less than 0.01 and P = 0.02). No correlation was found between stage (81% for IB vs 80% for IIA) or DNA-ploidy grade (81% for aneuploidy, 82% for periploidy, 79% for diploidy) and survival (resp. P = 0.9 and P = 0.8). Ploidy grade was equally divided over other prognostic factors. In stepwise Cox regression analysis DNA-ploidy grade showed no independent effect on survival. We conclude that DNA flow cytometry in this material was of no additional prognostic value.