Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES) is widely performed in patients with coronary artery disease, but the high restenosis rate remains a major clinical problem after implantation of DES in patients on hemodialysis (HD). Until now, there are limited reports regarding the long-term clinical outcome after implantation of DES in this patient population.
Methods and results: We compared bare metal stent (BMS) and DES for long-term clinical outcomes, such as target lesion revascularization (TLR), in HD patients undergoing PCI. BMS and DES were implanted in 204 and 301 patients, respectively. Baseline and lesion characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, event rates of major adverse cardiac events for 6 years were significantly lower in the DES group than in the BMS group (42.5% vs. 58.0%, P=0.036). Although there were no significant differences in TLR rates between patients treated with DES and those with BMS at 1 year after PCI (17.8% vs. 21.3%, P=0.32), patients treated with DES had significantly lower rates of TLR compared with those treated with BMS beyond the 1-year follow-up after PCI (16.4% vs. 30.9%, P=0.019).
Conclusions: In patients on HD, implantation of DES might be more effective for preventing TLR in the medium to long follow-up period than BMS, although restenosis after PCI with DES is common in the short term.