Clinical evaluation of human epididymis protein 4 as a biomarker for epididymitis

Biomark Med. 2012 Jun;6(3):311-7. doi: 10.2217/bmm.12.21.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate HE4 as a potential biomarker for acute epididymitis.

Materials & methods: HE4 levels in serum were measured in 62 patients with acute epididymitis and 62 age-matched male controls.

Results: Both patients with epididymitis and the controls showed median HE4 values of 42 pmol/l (range: 10-560 pmol/l) and 34 pmol/l (range: 2-300 pmol/l), respectively (p = 0.3). Levels of HE4 did not change in the course of the treatment in patients with epididymitis. Regression analysis revealed no significant association between HE4 and any infection-linked variable. Multivariate analysis resulted in a number of factors associated with increased HE4 levels, which were renal dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases and malignancies.

Conclusion: Although HE4 is not a biomarker for epididymitis and infection, it qualifies as a candidate for identifying patients with increased morbidity.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diagnostic Tests, Routine / methods*
  • Epididymitis / diagnosis*
  • Epididymitis / genetics
  • Epididymitis / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Proteins* / genetics
  • Proteins* / metabolism
  • WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Proteins
  • WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2
  • WFDC2 protein, human