Predictors of failure of catheter salvage in incident hemodialysis patients

Int J Artif Organs. 2013 May 17;36(5):320-6. doi: 10.5301/ijao.5000176. Epub 2013 Apr 1.

Abstract

Purpose: Catheter-related bloodstream infection is a frequent complication for patients who use catheter as dialysis access. This study was performed to identify the risk factors for failed catheter salvage.

Methods: We enrolled patients who received non-tunneled catheters as initial vascular access during a two-year period. Catheter salvage was attempted in all symptomatically mild patients. Patients were prospectively followed for 8 weeks starting from the day of infection. Risk factors for salvage failure were explored.

Results: A total of 77 bacteremia episodes occurred in 69 patient, with an infection rate of 1.61 per 1,000 catheter days. Salvage was successful in 73.4% of all episodes. We found that higher ferritin levels (greater vs. lower than 500 mg/l, (odds ratio (OR) 6.388, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.073, 19.686), higher phosphate levels (greater vs. lower than 5.5 mg/dl, OR 4.084, 95% CI 1.391, 11.978) and shorter time intervals between catheterization and infection (within vs. beyond 3 weeks, OR 4.190, 95% CI 1.279, 13.725) predicted salvage failure.

Conclusions: Catheter salvage can be a reasonable initial strategy for symptomatically mild patients. We propose salvaging aggressively and waiting watchfully; however, clinical judgment is prior to any specific management protocol.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Catheter-Related Infections / diagnosis
  • Catheter-Related Infections / microbiology
  • Catheter-Related Infections / therapy*
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / adverse effects*
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / instrumentation*
  • Catheters, Indwelling / adverse effects*
  • Central Venous Catheters / adverse effects*
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Device Removal
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy*
  • Logistic Models
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Prospective Studies
  • Renal Dialysis*
  • Risk Factors
  • Salvage Therapy
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Failure
  • Watchful Waiting

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents