CD4(+) cell count, viral load, and drug resistance patterns among heterosexual breakthrough HIV infections in a study of oral preexposure prophylaxis

AIDS. 2014 Jan 14;28(2):223-6. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000102.

Abstract

We examined CD4 cell count and plasma viral load patterns among Botswana TDF/FTC Oral HIV Prophylaxis Trial (TDF2 study) participants who seroconverted, comparing participants assigned to receive tenofovir/emtricitabine with participants assigned to receive placebo. We also evaluated for antiretroviral drug resistance among the breakthrough HIV infections. Among nine seroconverters assigned to tenofovir/emtricitabine and 24 to placebo, there were no significant differences in their CD4 cell count or viral load profiles over time. Of the four participants who seroconverted on-study while receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine, none became infected as a result of drug-resistant HIV; moreover, no resistance mutations emerged following seroconversion.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00448669.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenine / therapeutic use
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Botswana / epidemiology
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • Chemoprevention / methods*
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives
  • Deoxycytidine / therapeutic use
  • Drug Resistance, Viral*
  • Emtricitabine
  • HIV / isolation & purification
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • HIV Infections / virology*
  • Heterosexuality
  • Humans
  • Organophosphonates / therapeutic use
  • Plasma / virology
  • Post-Exposure Prophylaxis / methods*
  • Tenofovir
  • Viral Load*

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Organophosphonates
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Tenofovir
  • Emtricitabine
  • Adenine

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00448669