Allogeneic hematopoietic SCT in multiple myeloma: long-term results from a single institution

Bone Marrow Transplant. 2015 May;50(5):658-62. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2014.320. Epub 2015 Jan 26.

Abstract

The role of allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (allo-HCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) remains controversial. A total of 58 patients received an allo-HCT (25 of them with myeloablative conditioning-allo-MAC-and 33 with reduced-intensity conditioning-allo-RIC) at our institution over a 28-year period. The CR rate for allo-MAC was 36%. The incidence of grade III-IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was 28% and 39%, respectively The TRM at any time was 60% and the main causes of death were aGVHD or infectious complications not directly related to GVHD. The estimated PFS and OS at 15 years were 8% and 15%, respectively. The CR rate with allo-RIC was 45%. The incidence of grade III-IV aGVHD and cGVHD were 24% and 41%, respectively. The TRM at any time was 33% and was mainly related to aGVHD. The estimated PFS and OS at 5 years were 22% and 38%, respectively. Despite its high TRM, a proportion of patients with high-risk myeloma (early relapse and newly diagnosed ultrahigh risk) may obtain long-term disease control with allo-HCT. New approaches aimed at decreasing the incidence of aGVHD, and consequently to decrease the TRM, are needed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Allografts
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Graft vs Host Disease / mortality*
  • Graft vs Host Disease / therapy*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / mortality*
  • Multiple Myeloma / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Transplantation Conditioning*