Preliminary Evaluation of a Bunyavirus Vector for Cancer Immunotherapy

J Virol. 2015 Sep;89(17):9124-7. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01105-15. Epub 2015 Jun 17.

Abstract

Replicon particles of Rift Valley fever virus, referred to as nonspreading Rift Valley fever virus (NSR), are intrinsically safe and highly immunogenic. Here, we demonstrate that NSR-infected human dendritic cells can activate CD8(+) T cells in vitro and that prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations of mice with NSR encoding a tumor-associated CD8 peptide can control the outgrowth of lymphoma cells in vivo. These results suggest that the NSR system holds promise for cancer immunotherapy.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cancer Vaccines / immunology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Dendritic Cells / virology
  • Epitopes / genetics
  • Epitopes / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / methods*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Lymphoma / immunology*
  • Lymphoma / prevention & control
  • Lymphoma / therapy
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Phosphoproteins / genetics
  • Phosphoproteins / immunology
  • Rift Valley fever virus / genetics
  • Rift Valley fever virus / immunology*
  • Vaccination
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / immunology

Substances

  • Cancer Vaccines
  • Epitopes
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Viral Matrix Proteins
  • cytomegalovirus matrix protein 65kDa