NMR characterization of novel pyranoanthocyanins derived from the pulp of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American ginseng)

Abstract

Three major pigments (one natural and two derived) were determined to be present in the berry pulp of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American ginseng). The first was a simple anthocyanin (pelargonidin 3-O-lathyroside) along with two novel pyranoanthocyanins, structurally similar to those recently discovered in Staghorn sumac. The three anthocyanins were structurally characterized using NMR (¹ H, gCOSY, gHSQC, gHMBC, TOCSY, ROESY, and ¹³ C DEPTq135) and High Resolution MS. All three anthocyanins had the disaccharide lathyrose (2-O-(β-D-xylopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside) attached at the 3-O position. In the tradition of naming novel anthocyanin aglycones based on botanical origin, the new pyranoanthocyanin aglycones have been given the common names Panaxidin A (pelaragonidin-4-vinylcatechol) and Panaxidin B (pelargonidin-4-vinylphenol). Copyright © 2015 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Keywords: NMR spectroscopy; North American ginseng; Panax quinquefolius L; anthocyanin; anthocyanin-derived pigments; pyranoanthocyanin.