Single-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of azilsartan medoxomil in children and adolescents with hypertension as compared to healthy adults

Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Apr;72(4):447-57. doi: 10.1007/s00228-015-1987-8. Epub 2016 Jan 4.

Abstract

Purpose: This open-label, multicenter, single-dose study characterized the pharmacokinetics and short-term safety of azilsartan medoxomil (AZL-M) in hypertensive pediatric subjects (12-16 years [cohort 1a; n = 9]; 6-11 years [cohort 2; n = 8]; 4-5 years [cohort 3; n = 3]).

Methods: Model-based simulations were performed to guide dosing, especially in 1-5-year olds, who were difficult to enroll. AZL-M was dosed according to body weight (20-60-mg tablet, cohorts 1a and 2; 0.66 mg/kg granule suspension, cohort 3). In cohort 1, gender-matched healthy adults (cohort 1b; n = 9) received AZL-M 80 mg.

Results: Exposure to AZL (active moiety of AZL-M), measured by dose-/body weight-normalized C max and AUC0-∞, was ∼15-30 % lower in pediatric subjects versus adults. In simulations, exposure with 0.66 mg/kg AZL-M in pediatric subjects weighing 8-25 kg approximated to AZL-M 40 mg (typical starting dose) in adults. The simulations suggest that 25-50-kg subjects require half the adult dose (10-40 mg), whereas 50-100-kg subjects can use the same dosing as adults. Adverse events were mild in intensity, apart from one moderate event (migraine).

Conclusions: This dosing strategy should be safe in pediatric patients, as AZL exposure would not exceed that seen in adults with the highest approved AZL-M dose (80 mg).

Keywords: Angiotensin receptor blocker; Azilsartan medoxomil; Dosing; Pediatric; Pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antihypertensive Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antihypertensive Agents / adverse effects
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Area Under Curve
  • Benzimidazoles / administration & dosage*
  • Benzimidazoles / adverse effects
  • Benzimidazoles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Male
  • Oxadiazoles / administration & dosage*
  • Oxadiazoles / adverse effects
  • Oxadiazoles / pharmacokinetics*

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Oxadiazoles
  • azilsartan medoxomil