Kawasaki disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review of subclinical vascular changes in the longer term

Abstract

Studies of subclinical vascular changes post-Kawasaki disease indicate that, in general, individuals with a history of coronary artery aneurysms have increased carotid intima-media thickness, evidence of endothelial dysfunction, and increased arterial stiffness, possibly indicative of heightened cardiovascular risk. The results are less consistent for low-risk groups.

Conclusion: Until data are available from larger prospective studies, it is prudent to advise families of individuals with a history of Kawasaki disease to minimise traditional modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.

Keywords: Carotid intima-media thickness; Endothelial function; Kawasaki disease; Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome; Vascular stiffness.