Simplified Bryostatin Analogues Protect Cells from Chikungunya Virus-Induced Cell Death

J Nat Prod. 2016 Apr 22;79(4):675-9. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01016. Epub 2016 Feb 22.

Abstract

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus showing a recent resurgence and rapid spread worldwide. While vaccines are under development, there are currently no therapies to treat this disease, except for over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics, which alleviate the devastating arthritic and arthralgic symptoms. To identify novel inhibitors of the virus, analogues of the natural product bryostatin 1, a clinical lead for the treatment of cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and HIV eradication, were investigated for in vitro antiviral activity and were found to be among the most potent inhibitors of CHIKV replication reported to date. Bryostatin-based therapeutic efforts and even recent anti-CHIKV strategies have centered on modulation of protein kinase C (PKC). Intriguingly, while the C ring of bryostatin primarily drives interactions with PKC, A- and B-ring functionality in these analogues has a significant effect on the observed cell-protective activity. Significantly, bryostatin 1 itself, a potent pan-PKC modulator, is inactive in these assays. These new findings indicate that the observed anti-CHIKV activity is not solely mediated by PKC modulation, suggesting possible as yet unidentified targets for CHIKV therapeutic intervention. The high potency and low toxicity of these bryologs make them promising new leads for the development of a CHIKV treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / chemistry*
  • Analgesics / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry*
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bryostatins / chemistry*
  • Bryostatins / pharmacology*
  • Cell Death / drug effects
  • Cell Line / drug effects
  • Chikungunya Fever / drug therapy*
  • Chikungunya virus / physiology*
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Nonprescription Drugs / chemistry
  • Nonprescription Drugs / therapeutic use*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Virus Replication / drug effects

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Bryostatins
  • Nonprescription Drugs
  • bryostatin 1
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases