Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS, Human Papillomavirus, and Anal Cancer

Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2017 Jan;26(1):17-31. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2016.07.010.

Abstract

Anal cancer is an increasingly common non-AIDS-defining cancer among individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV16 is the most common genotype detected in anal cancers. The HPV types detected in anal cancer are included in the 9-valent vaccine. HPV vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing anal precancerous lesions in HIV-infected individuals. Standard treatment has been fluorouracil and mitomycin (or cisplatin) plus radiation. Continued studies are needed to test new treatment strategies in HIV-infected patients with anal cancer to determine which treatment protocols provide the best therapeutic index.

Keywords: Anal cancer; HIV; HPV; HPV vaccination; Immunosuppression.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
  • Anal Canal / virology
  • Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Anus Neoplasms / virology
  • HIV
  • HIV Seropositivity / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Immunosuppression Therapy
  • Papillomaviridae
  • Papillomavirus Infections / epidemiology*
  • Papillomavirus Vaccines

Substances

  • Papillomavirus Vaccines