Clinical Profile, Treatment, and Visual Outcome of Ocular Toxocara in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(5):753-759. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1249375. Epub 2016 Nov 30.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the clinical features, treatment, and visual outcome in ocular toxocariasis.

Methods: A total of 16 cases diagnosed as ocular toxocariasis clinically and/or serologically were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 22.6 years. Cases were categorized into three clinical types with peripheral granuloma (43.7%) as the most common presentation. Of the patients, 10 (62.5%) had positive serum ELISA for T. canis; five (31.2%) received combination treatment with anthelmintic and corticosteroid, and eight (50%) patients had vitreous surgery. The visual outcome in eyes which underwent surgery was better, however the difference in medically and surgically treated groups was insignificant (p = 0.11). There was also no difference in visual outcome among the three clinical groups (p = 0.20).

Conclusions: Ocular toxocariasis has a varied presentation spectrum. Serum ELISA for T. canis aids in diagnosis. The difference in visual outcome among clinical and treatment groups was insignificant. However, in general, ocular toxocariasis resulted in a poor visual outcome.

Keywords: Granuloma; helminthic zoonosis; nematode endophthalmitis; ocular toxocara; serum ELISA T. canis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Helminth / analysis
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Eye Infections, Parasitic / diagnosis*
  • Eye Infections, Parasitic / drug therapy
  • Eye Infections, Parasitic / parasitology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tertiary Care Centers*
  • Toxocara / immunology
  • Toxocariasis / diagnosis*
  • Toxocariasis / drug therapy
  • Toxocariasis / parasitology
  • Visual Acuity*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anthelmintics
  • Antibodies, Helminth