Propensity-matched comparison of video-assisted thoracoscopic with thoracotomy lobectomy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Apr;153(4):967-976.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.12.008. Epub 2016 Dec 15.

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated whether video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer could be performed safely and with acceptable long-term outcomes by our improved technique and compared with standard thoracotomy lobectomy in a well-balanced population.

Methods: Patients with clinical stage II and III A non-small cell lung cancers who received lobectomy were reviewed. Video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomies were all performed with Wang's technique by the surgeons who had overcome the learning curve and achieved proficiency. By using propensity-matched analysis, perioperative outcomes and long-term survival were compared.

Results: Matching based on propensity scores produced 120 patients in each group. Conversion rate to thoracotomy was 11.7%. After thoracoscopic lobectomy, hospital length of stay was shorter compared with thoracotomy (9.2 vs 12 days; P = .014) despite similar rates of postoperative complications (30/125 [25%] vs 34/125 [28.3%]; P = .56). Disease-free survival (49.1% vs 42.2%; P = .40) and overall survival (55.0% vs 57.1%; P = .73) at 5 years were similar between groups. Although advanced pathologic stage (hazard ratio [HR], 2.018; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.330-3.062) and no postoperative chemotherapy (HR, 1.880; 95% CI, 1.236-2.858) were independently associated with increased hazard of death in multivariable Cox regression at each time point in follow-up, thoracoscopic lobectomy was not (HR, 1.075; 95% CI, 0.714-1.620; P = .73).

Conclusions: With continued experience and optimized technique, video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy can be performed in the majority of cases without compromising perioperative outcomes and oncologic efficacy.

Keywords: locally advanced; lung cancer; video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / surgery*
  • Databases, Factual
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pneumonectomy / adverse effects
  • Pneumonectomy / methods*
  • Pneumonectomy / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Propensity Score
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted* / adverse effects
  • Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted* / mortality
  • Thoracotomy* / adverse effects
  • Thoracotomy* / mortality
  • Time Factors