Sham surgical procedures for pain intervention result in significant improvements in pain: systematic-review and meta-analysis: Clinical heterogeneity and risk of bias on the placebo effect associated with sham surgeries
1 Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.
2 Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China. Electronic address: kehuyangebm2006@126.com.