Gut microbiota provide enzymes and additional biochemical metabolic pathways for the host, which together with the host genome and the external environment, influence the body function. The composition of gut microbiota in infant is closely related to health in later life. However, it is influenced by many factors, including delivery mode, feeding pattern, prenatal diet, pregnancy psychology and antepartum antibiotic treatment. Vaginal delivery and breastfeeding is beneficial for shaping gut microbiota, while cesarean section and formula feeding would reduce the amount of gut dominant bacteria. In addition, inappropriate diet during pregnancy, prenatal stress and antepartum antibiotic treatment alters bacterial colonization of the gut in infant.
肠道菌群为宿主提供其本身不具备的酶和生化代谢通路，与宿主自身基因组一起在外界环境作用下影响着机体的功能。婴儿期肠道菌群的构成与机体以后的健康状态密切相关。本文从分娩方式、喂养方式、孕期饮食、孕期心理状态、孕期抗生素的使用等多个角度对婴儿肠道菌群构成的影响进行综述。自然分娩和母乳喂养的婴儿其肠道菌群的构成较丰富且分布均衡，剖宫产和配方奶粉喂养会减少婴儿肠道优势菌群的数量。此外，孕期不恰当饮食、异常心理状态及使用抗生素等因素会改变子代肠道菌群的种类和数量。.
Keywords: Gut microbiota; Infant; Influencing factors; Perpartum period.